Barbour A G, Everett J R, Andersen F L, Nichols C R, Fukushima T, Kagan I G
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1978 Jan;27(1 Pt 1):94-100. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1978.27.94.
Between 1971 and 1976 approximately 20% (2,265) of the population of Sanpete County, Utah, was screened for hydatid disease (Echinococcus granulosus) by intradermal, indirect hemagglutination, and bentonite flocculation tests. Of 34 persons who had follow-up chest radiographs and radioisotope liver scans, 6 were found to have asymptomatic hepatic cysts. If a participant who had pulmonary cysts and negative screening tests were included, the prevalence of asymptomatic hydatid disease would be 3 per 1,000. During the same period, 82 (148 per 1,000) of 553 dogs successfully purged and examined had E. granulosus infections. Human cyst carriage was associated with dog ownership, particularly of infected dogs or in conjunction with sheep raising as the main livelihood. Combinations of immunodiagnostic tests were more efficacious in identifying cyst carriers than the tests used singly. Limitation of screening to high risk groups (e.g., sheep raisers with dogs) can reduce costs without reducing yield. Optimum management of the cyst carrier awaits further information on the natural history of asymptomatic hydatid disease.
1971年至1976年间，犹他州桑皮特县约20%（2265人）的人口接受了皮内试验、间接血凝试验和膨润土絮凝试验，以筛查包虫病（细粒棘球绦虫）。在34名接受了后续胸部X光检查和放射性核素肝脏扫描的人中，有6人被发现患有无症状肝囊肿。如果将患有肺囊肿且筛查试验呈阴性的参与者包括在内，无症状包虫病的患病率将为每1000人中有3人。在同一时期，553只成功驱虫并接受检查的狗中有82只（每1000只中有148只）感染了细粒棘球绦虫。人体囊肿携带与养狗有关，特别是养感染了绦虫的狗或与以养羊为主要生计有关。免疫诊断试验组合在识别囊肿携带者方面比单独使用的试验更有效。将筛查限制在高危人群（如养狗的牧羊人）可以在不降低检出率的情况下降低成本。对囊肿携带者的最佳管理有待于获得关于无症状包虫病自然史的更多信息。
