Bakaĭkin V M
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1978 Jan;74(1):82-9.
It has been stated that the neuronal apparatus of the vertebrate and human pericardium is represented by plexus of myelinated and amyelinated fibers, nerve cells and receptors. The plexus contain both cholinergic and adrenergic neuronal structures. Pericardial neuronal apparatus in the vertebrates and in man reaches its highes development. In the course of human ontogenesis, free diffuse receptors reveal themselves beginning from the 4th month, and more complex incapsulated ones--from the 5th month of the intrauterine development. Neuronal plexus of the fetal pericardium is formed by the 28th week. Cholinergic neuronal elements in the pericardium begin to reveal themselves at the 13th week, and adrenergic ones--at the 14th week of the intrauterine development. The main source of the afferent and vegetative innervation in the pericardium are inferior and superior thoracic cerebrospinal nodes, vagus nerves and branches from the nodes of the sympathetic trunk. Neuronal fibers composing diaphragmal and parasternal nerves and those of celiac plexus reach the pericardium, too.
据说，脊椎动物和人类心包的神经装置由有髓和无髓纤维丛、神经细胞和感受器组成。该丛包含胆碱能和肾上腺素能神经结构。脊椎动物和人类的心包神经装置发育最为完善。在人类个体发育过程中，游离的弥散性感受器从第4个月开始出现，更复杂的被囊化感受器在子宫内发育的第5个月出现。胎儿心包的神经丛在第28周形成。心包中的胆碱能神经元成分在第13周开始出现，肾上腺素能神经元成分在子宫内发育的第14周出现。心包传入和自主神经支配的主要来源是胸段上下神经节、迷走神经和交感干神经节的分支。构成膈神经和胸骨旁神经以及腹腔丛的神经纤维也到达心包。
