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肾上腺素对蛙心室肌的变力作用:舒张与增强作用

The inotropic actions of adrenaline on frog ventricular muscle: relaxing versus potentiating effects.

作者信息

Morad M, Sanders C, Weiss J

出版信息

J Physiol. 1981 Feb;311:585-604. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013606.

DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013606
PMID:6267259
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1275431/
Abstract
  1. In frog ventricle, adrenaline increases the size of the action potential, potentiates twitch tension, and enhances relaxation. Because tension development is directly controlled by membrane potential in frog ventricle, experiments were designed to separate the effects of adrenaline on the action potential from its effects on the development of tension.2. Comparison of the tension-voltage relations in the presence and absence of adrenaline showed that during the initial portion of the voltage clamp step, adrenaline potentiated tension, but beyond 1 sec into the clamp pulse tension was depressed.3. The time and voltage dependence of the positive inotropic effect of adrenaline during voltage clamp pulses were compatible with the kinetics of the slow inward current, which is known to be augmented by adrenaline in frog and mammalian ventricle.4. Ni(2+), which has been shown to block the slow inward current in frog ventricle, also inhibited the positive inotropic effect of adrenaline.5. The relaxant effect of adrenaline was demonstrated to be present at least as early as 600 msec after the onset of membrane depolarization. However, generally 1 sec or more of membrane depolarization was required before the relaxant effect of adrenaline predominated over its positive inotropic effect.6. In catecholamine depleted strips, the augmentation of the action potential and twitch tension in the presence of adrenaline was found to occur at a sixty-fold lower concentration than the relaxant effect as judged by suppression of KCl-induced contractures.7. Pure beta-receptor agonists reproduced completely the electromechanical effects of adrenaline on the frog ventricle. alpha-receptor agonists or antagonists had no effect on action potential or development of tension.8. Cyclic AMP and dibutyryl cyclic AMP were found to augment the frog ventricular action potential and potentiate twitch tension in reserpinized or beta-blocked frog ventricular strips. However, none of the relaxant effects of catecholamines could be reproduced by these agents alone.9. Theophylline produced changes in the action potential similar to those induced by adrenaline and mimicked both the positive inotropic and relaxant effects of the drug.10. The results suggest that the positive inotropic effects of adrenaline results mainly from changes induced in the action potential plateau. The changes are both time and voltage dependent, and if inhibited, leave the relaxant effect of adrenaline unopposed.11. The findings are consistent with a cyclic AMP-mediated mechanism of the positive inotropic effect of adrenaline. However, the role of cyclic AMP in mediating the relaxant effects of adrenaline is less clear.
摘要
  1. 在蛙心室中,肾上腺素可增大动作电位的幅度,增强抽搐张力,并促进舒张。由于蛙心室中的张力产生直接受膜电位控制,因此设计了实验来区分肾上腺素对动作电位的影响与其对张力产生的影响。

  2. 对有无肾上腺素时的张力 - 电压关系进行比较表明,在电压钳制步骤的初始阶段,肾上腺素增强了张力,但在钳制脉冲开始1秒后,张力受到抑制。

  3. 电压钳制脉冲期间肾上腺素正性肌力作用的时间和电压依赖性与慢内向电流的动力学一致,已知在蛙和哺乳动物心室中,肾上腺素可增强慢内向电流。

  4. 已证明能阻断蛙心室慢内向电流的镍离子(Ni²⁺)也抑制了肾上腺素的正性肌力作用。

  5. 已证明肾上腺素的舒张作用至少在膜去极化开始后600毫秒就已出现。然而,通常需要1秒或更长时间的膜去极化,肾上腺素的舒张作用才会超过其正性肌力作用。

  6. 在去甲肾上腺素耗竭的肌条中,根据氯化钾诱导的挛缩抑制情况判断,发现肾上腺素存在时动作电位和抽搐张力的增强发生时的浓度比舒张作用低60倍。

  7. 纯β受体激动剂完全重现了肾上腺素对蛙心室的机电效应。α受体激动剂或拮抗剂对动作电位或张力产生没有影响。

  8. 发现环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和二丁酰环磷酸腺苷(dbcAMP)可增大蛙心室动作电位,并增强利血平化或β受体阻断的蛙心室肌条的抽搐张力。然而,这些药物单独无法重现儿茶酚胺的任何舒张作用。

  9. 茶碱引起的动作电位变化类似于肾上腺素诱导的变化,并模拟了该药物的正性肌力和舒张作用。

  10. 结果表明,肾上腺素的正性肌力作用主要源于动作电位平台期的变化。这些变化既与时间有关,也与电压有关,如果受到抑制,肾上腺素的舒张作用就会不受阻碍。

  11. 这些发现与肾上腺素正性肌力作用的环磷酸腺苷介导机制一致。然而,环磷酸腺苷在介导肾上腺素舒张作用中的作用尚不清楚。

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J Physiol. 1981 Feb;311:585-604. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1981.sp013606.
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The inotropic action of adrenaline on cardiac muscle: does it relax or potentiate tension?肾上腺素对心肌的变力作用:它是舒张还是增强张力?
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