Rattan J, Levin N, Graff E, Weizer N, Gilat T
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1981 Dec;3(4):389-93. doi: 10.1097/00004836-198112000-00017.
We evaluated the hypothesis that a healthy population taking a high-fiber diet may develop deficiencies of various minerals and nutrients in three groups of healthy subjects: 1) sixty-eight people regularly supplementing their diet with at least 2 tablespoons of bran for at least 6 months (mean 3 tablespoons for 13 months); 2) forty-three controls not consuming bran supplements; and 3) twenty vegetarians (eight of them consuming bran supplements) who had a very high fiber consumption for many years. The mean serum levels of iron, total iron binding capacity, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, zinc, magnesium, vitamin A, and cholesterol were within the normal range in all the three groups. In the bran eaters, vitamin A was higher, and alkaline phosphatase and magnesium lower than in the other two groups. In the vegetarians, the phosphorus level was higher and cholesterol and iron binding capacity lower than in the other two groups. There was no correlation between the amount of bran consumed and the blood level of nutrients. The fiber consumption of the vegetarians was very high, more than three times that of the controls. Our study indicates that a moderately or even extremely high consumption of fiber for a long time does not by itself cause mineral or nutrient deficiencies in a western type population.
食用高纤维饮食的健康人群可能会出现各种矿物质和营养素缺乏的情况。这三组分别是：1）68人，他们的饮食中定期补充至少2汤匙麸皮，持续至少6个月（平均3汤匙，持续13个月）；2）43名不食用麸皮补充剂的对照组；3）20名素食者（其中8人食用麸皮补充剂），他们多年来一直食用高纤维食物。三组受试者的血清铁、总铁结合力、钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶、锌、镁、维生素A和胆固醇的平均水平均在正常范围内。在食用麸皮的人群中，维生素A水平较高，碱性磷酸酶和镁的水平低于其他两组。在素食者中，磷水平较高，胆固醇和铁结合力低于其他两组。麸皮的食用量与血液中营养素水平之间没有相关性。素食者的纤维摄入量非常高，是对照组的三倍多。我们的研究表明，长期适度甚至极高的纤维摄入量本身不会导致西方人群出现矿物质或营养素缺乏。
