Polyphosphoinositide mono- and diphosphoesterases of three subfractions of rat brain myelin.

Phosphomonoesterase and diesterase that cleave phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (diphosphoinositide, DPI) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (triphosphoinositide, TPI) were detected in three subfractions of purified rat brain myelin, and some properties of the enzymes were studied. Monoesterase activity was stimulated by KCl, maximally at a concentration of 25 mM, and inhibited at KCl concentrations above 50 mM. Addition of boiled pH 5 supernatant of rat brain homogenate doubled the enzymic activity; EDTA was inhibitory. The specific activities were nearly equal in the "low density", "medium density", and "heavy density" myelin fractions but about 30% lower than in whole brain homogenate. The monophosphatase could be solubilized by extraction with 0.2% Triton X-100. The phosphodiesterase activity was inhibited by EDTA and EGTA and not stimulated by KCl or pH 5 supernatant. Specific activities were nearly equal in whole brain and myelin but were by about 60 percent elevated in the "heavy density" over the "low density" myelin fractions. These results show that hydrolases operative in the fast turnover of the inositide phosphate groups are distributed over the entire myelin structure.