Benjamin M
J Anat. 1982 Aug;135(Pt 1):155-64.
The ACTH cells form a layer 1-8 cells thick, dorsal to the prolactin cells in the rostral pars distalis. They react only mildly with a variety of stains including PAS-lead haematoxylin. Their nuclear diameters vary seasonally in a manner that closely parallels that of the prolactin cells. The relative volumes of the ACTH and prolactin cell zones are remarkably constant in animals of different sizes. It is suggested that the two hormones may act synergistically at various body sites and that this accounts for the related morphological features of the ACTH and prolactin cells. There are no changes in the surface density of the ACTH zone with increasing animal size. Consequently, the ACTH/neurohypophysial border is highly convoluted in large animals. The proximity of the neurohypophysis also influences cell ultrastructure, as small processes, packed with secretory granules are more numerous near the basal lamina separating the adeno- and neurohypophyses. A morphometric analysis of ACTH cells provides base-line ultrastructural data for experimental studies and for comparisons with other teleosts. The cells have small, secretory granules, 100-300 nm in diameter, and of variable electron density. There is little rough endoplasmic reticulum and a small Golgi apparatus. There is no evidence of granule release by exocytosis and various explanations for this are suggested.
促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）细胞在远侧部头端形成一层1 - 8个细胞厚的细胞层，位于催乳素细胞的背侧。它们对包括PAS - 铅苏木精在内的多种染色反应较弱。其核直径随季节变化，变化方式与催乳素细胞极为相似。在不同大小的动物中，ACTH细胞区和催乳素细胞区的相对体积非常恒定。有人认为这两种激素可能在身体的各个部位协同作用，这就解释了ACTH细胞和催乳素细胞相关的形态学特征。随着动物体型增大，ACTH细胞区的表面密度没有变化。因此，在大型动物中，ACTH/神经垂体边界高度卷曲。神经垂体的接近程度也会影响细胞超微结构，因为在分隔腺垂体和神经垂体的基膜附近，充满分泌颗粒的小突起更多。对ACTH细胞的形态计量分析为实验研究以及与其他硬骨鱼的比较提供了基线超微结构数据。这些细胞有小的分泌颗粒，直径为100 - 300纳米，电子密度可变。粗面内质网很少，高尔基体较小。没有证据表明通过胞吐作用释放颗粒，对此提出了各种解释。
