Sasaki C T, Gaudet P T, Peerless A
Am J Dis Child. 1978 Mar;132(3):266-9. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1978.02120280050011.
Tracheostomy in pediatric patients involves major morbidity that is often reflected in prolonged decannulation difficulty. A review of 123 consecutive pediatric tracheostomies shows that 44 patients experienced such difficulties. Among those patients suffering decannulation delay, subglottic stenosis had developed in 39%, tracheal granuloma in 25%, fused cords in 11%, and temporary laryngeal abductor failure in 25%. Although the overall incidence of decannulation failure is high, more than 60% of those patients affected respond to treatment when diagnosis is prompt and accurate. In this regard, the laryngologist may play a central role in the management of the pediatric decannulation process.
儿科患者的气管切开术存在较高的发病率，这常常表现为拔管困难时间延长。对连续123例儿科气管切开术病例的回顾显示，44例患者出现了此类困难。在那些拔管延迟的患者中，声门下狭窄发生率为39%，气管肉芽肿为25%，声带粘连为11%，暂时性喉外展肌麻痹为25%。尽管拔管失败的总体发生率较高，但如果诊断及时准确，超过60%的受影响患者对治疗有反应。在这方面，喉科医生在儿科拔管过程的管理中可能发挥核心作用。
