Dunn J L, Buck J D, Spotte S
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982 Dec 1;181(11):1316-21.
Disseminated Candida albicans infections were found or suspected in 4 captive cetaceans. Ketoconazole at a dosage of 2.5 mg/kg, BID, administered orally for 18 days, followed by 8 biweekly oral doses of levamisole hydrochloride at the rate of 9 mg/kg, resulted in regression of clinical signs of candidiasis in an adult male Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). A higher dosage of ketoconazole (6 mg/kg, BID) was effective in eliminating the shedding of C albicans from an adult male belukha whale (Delphinapterus leucas). A juvenile female harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) treated with nystatin died with disseminated candidiasis, as did a juvenile male longfinned pilot whale (Globicephala melaena) treated with nystatin and levamisole. Three other adult bottlenose dolphins, a juvenile female belukha whale, and a female Commerson's dolphin (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) kept in the same water system never had evidence of candidiasis. A 5th bottlenose dolphin (an adult female) was culture-positive on 1 occasion, but never had signs of the disease.
在4只圈养鲸类动物中发现或怀疑有播散性白色念珠菌感染。一只成年雄性大西洋宽吻海豚（宽吻海豚）口服酮康唑，剂量为2.5毫克/千克，每日两次，持续18天，随后每两周口服8次盐酸左旋咪唑，剂量为9毫克/千克，念珠菌病的临床症状有所缓解。较高剂量的酮康唑（6毫克/千克，每日两次）有效地消除了一只成年雄性白鲸（白鲸）白色念珠菌的脱落。一只接受制霉菌素治疗的幼年雌性港湾鼠海豚（港湾鼠海豚）死于播散性念珠菌病，一只接受制霉菌素和左旋咪唑治疗的幼年雄性长肢领航鲸（巨头鲸）也死于该病。另外3只成年宽吻海豚、1只幼年雌性白鲸和1只雌性柯氏喙鲸（柯氏喙鲸）饲养在同一水系统中，从未有过念珠菌病的迹象。第5只宽吻海豚（成年雌性）有一次培养呈阳性，但从未出现该病的症状。
