Nerve growth factor-induced decrease in the cell-free phosphorylation of a soluble protein in PC12 cells.

Incubation of cell-free extracts from PC12 cells with [32P]ATP leads to the phosphorylation of a 100,000-dalton protein. In extracts from cells treated with nerve growth factor, the labeling of the 100,000-dalton protein is substantially and selectively reduced. Direct quantitation indicates that the reduction is a minimum of 30-50% in the various experiments. The decrease is evident after as little as 15 min of nerve growth factor treatment, and disappears within 2 h after the removal of nerve growth factor. The decrease is dose dependent; a complete response is seen after treatment with 10 ng of nerve growth factor/ml. Some decrease in phosphorylation is also seen after treatment of the cells with epidermal growth factor, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, or 5'-N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine, a potent adenosine receptor agonist, but not after treatment with insulin. The phosphorylation of the 100,000-dalton protein, in extracts from either control or nerve growth factor-treated cells, leads almost exclusively to the formation of phosphothreonine. The addition of equal amounts of extract from untreated cells and extract from nerve growth factor-treated cells produces a level of phosphorylation exactly intermediate between those of the two extracts used separately, indicating the absence of a soluble kinase inhibitor. The data suggest that nerve growth factor treatment produces either a covalent inhibition or a physical removal of the kinase for the 100,000-dalton protein.