Carpenter G
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1983 Jul;31(1):1-19. doi: 10.1016/0303-7207(83)90027-8.
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a polypeptide mitogen that stimulates the proliferation of epidermal and epithelial cells in intact animals and a variety of cell types in cell culture. The biological effects of EGF are mediated by a 170000 dalton receptor located in the plasma membrane. Studies with cultured cells and more recently with subcellular membrane preparations have revealed significant information about the mechanism of action of EGF. In particular, events which occur immediately upon the formation of hormone-receptor complexes have been described. The biochemical signaling that must occur between the membrane-localized EGF-receptor complexes and the cell nucleus to initiate replicative DNA synthesis appears to involve an initial phosphorylation step. The EGF receptor molecule contains a protein kinase active site and this kinase activity is enhanced by EGF binding. Since the kinase phosphorylates tyrosyl residues, this normal growth-regulating system bears a similarity to the mechanism employed by certain oncogenic viruses to transform normal cellular growth behavior.
表皮生长因子（EGF）是一种多肽促细胞分裂剂，可刺激完整动物的表皮和上皮细胞以及细胞培养中的多种细胞类型增殖。EGF的生物学效应由位于质膜上的170000道尔顿受体介导。对培养细胞以及最近对亚细胞膜制剂的研究揭示了有关EGF作用机制的重要信息。特别是，已经描述了激素-受体复合物形成后立即发生的事件。为启动复制性DNA合成，必须在膜定位的EGF受体复合物与细胞核之间发生的生化信号传导似乎涉及一个初始磷酸化步骤。EGF受体分子含有一个蛋白激酶活性位点，该激酶活性通过EGF结合而增强。由于该激酶使酪氨酸残基磷酸化，这种正常的生长调节系统与某些致癌病毒用于转化正常细胞生长行为的机制相似。
