Bignon J, Jaurand M C
Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Sep;51:73-80. doi: 10.1289/ehp.835173.
Although all commercial forms of asbestos have been demonstrated to be carcinogenic in animals, so far epidemiological data are controversial concerning what asbestos types are the most carcinogenic and fibrogenic in humans. In order to understand the early cellular events induced by fibrous particles, different in vitro studies (hemolysis, release of enzymes by macrophages, assays on cell culture systems) have been carried out in several laboratories; most of these studies have shown that cell and subcellular in vitro responses were different depending on fiber types: chrysotile versus amphiboles. This presentation compares the results of different laboratories with our data obtained by using a model which modifies the chemistry of the fibers by acid treatment. The acid-leached chrysotile and acid-treated amphibole fibers showed different biological responses in several in vitro systems used in comparison to unleached fibers. These differences in the in vitro reactivity were related to the chemical state of the fibers and might explain the differences in their effects in animals after intrapleural injection as assessed by the percentage of mesothelioma, the latency period, the survival time and the degree of pleural fibrosis. The carcinogenic effect of the fibers is discussed in relation of their in vitro inflammatory or cytotoxic responses.
尽管所有商业形式的石棉已被证明在动物中具有致癌性，但迄今为止，关于哪种石棉类型在人类中最具致癌性和致纤维化性，流行病学数据仍存在争议。为了了解纤维颗粒诱导的早期细胞事件，多个实验室开展了不同的体外研究（溶血、巨噬细胞释放酶、细胞培养系统检测）；这些研究大多表明，细胞和亚细胞的体外反应因纤维类型而异：温石棉与闪石。本报告将不同实验室的结果与我们通过使用一种通过酸处理改变纤维化学性质的模型获得的数据进行了比较。与未处理的纤维相比，酸浸温石棉和酸处理闪石纤维在多个体外系统中表现出不同的生物学反应。体外反应性的这些差异与纤维的化学状态有关，可能解释了通过间皮瘤百分比、潜伏期、存活时间和胸膜纤维化程度评估的胸膜内注射后它们在动物体内作用的差异。本文还结合纤维的体外炎症或细胞毒性反应对其致癌作用进行了讨论。
