Vodovar M, Voyer M, Belloy C, Valleur D, Masson Y, de Chillaz C, Dubois M, de Blic J, Sarrut S, Satge P
Sem Hop. 1983 Nov 3;59(40):2759-68.
A retrospective study of 2 125 preterm infants, who were ventilated at the Institut de Puériculture in Paris over 9 years (1974-1982) for respiratory distress at birth, showed that 45 (2%) developed clinical and radiological bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD): 8 minimal forms, 23 moderate forms and 14 severe forms, 30 of these patients survived (66%). The pathogenesis of this chronic respiratory disease is multifactorial: oxygen + pressure + duration + endotracheal intubation. Efforts should be made to limit the damaging effect of each of these factors, which should be kept down to the minimum values compatible with adequate oxygenation. The presence of emphysema and of a patent ductus arteriosus has also been incriminated, but they may reflect the severity of the initial lung lesion. Rickets, whose incidence was found to be 27%, majors respiratory distress. In the ensuing months, babies with BPD are susceptible to recurrent viral or bacterial respiratory tract infection, failure to thrive and cor pulmonale. The presence of the mother and the care of a psychomotor development specialist are needed for these infants who will be confined for months in conditions which are unsuited to their sensory, physical, emotional and cognitive development.
一项对2125名早产儿的回顾性研究显示，在9年期间（1974 - 1982年）于巴黎儿童教养院因出生时呼吸窘迫接受通气治疗的这些早产儿中，有45名（2%）出现了临床和放射学诊断的支气管肺发育不良（BPD）：8例为轻度，23例为中度，14例为重度，其中30例患者存活（66%）。这种慢性呼吸道疾病的发病机制是多因素的：氧气 + 压力 + 持续时间 + 气管插管。应努力限制这些因素各自的损害作用，将其降至与充分氧合相适应的最低值。肺气肿和动脉导管未闭的存在也被认为与之有关，但它们可能反映了初始肺部病变的严重程度。佝偻病的发病率为27%，会加重呼吸窘迫。在随后的几个月里，患有BPD的婴儿易患反复的病毒或细菌呼吸道感染、生长发育不良和肺心病。对于这些将在数月内处于不利于其感觉、身体、情感和认知发育环境中的婴儿，需要有母亲陪伴以及心理运动发育专家的护理。
