Pines A, Maslach C
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1978 Apr;29(4):233-7. doi: 10.1176/ps.29.4.233.
To determine the characteristics of staff burnout and ways of coping with it, the authors gathered data on institution-relation and personal variables for 76 staff members in various mental health facilities in the San Francisco area. A correlational analysis revealed a large number of statistically significant findings. For instance, the longer staff had worked in the mental health field, the less they liked working with patients, the less successful they felt with them, and the less humanistic were their attitudes toward mental illness. The authors present recommendations for reducing staff stress and subsequent burnout, including allowing more chances for temporary withdrawal from direct patient care and changing the function of staff meetings.
为了确定员工职业倦怠的特征及其应对方式，作者收集了旧金山地区各类心理健康机构中76名员工的机构关系和个人变量数据。相关分析揭示了大量具有统计学意义的结果。例如，员工在心理健康领域工作的时间越长，他们就越不喜欢与患者共事，感觉与患者相处时越不成功，并且他们对精神疾病的态度越缺乏人文关怀。作者提出了减轻员工压力及后续职业倦怠的建议，包括提供更多暂时脱离直接患者护理工作的机会，以及改变员工会议的职能。
