de Montigny C
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1984 Jan;228(1):230-4.
Electroconvulsive therapy remains one of the most effective treatments of major depression. The effect of electroconvulsive shocks (ECSs) on the responsiveness of hippocampal pyramidal neurons to serotonin, norepinephrine, gamma-aminobutyric acid and 5-methoxydimethyltryptamine was studied in rats pretreated with one or six ECSs. Control rats were given subconvulsive shocks. Microiontophoretic experiments were conducted 36 hr after the last shock in urethane-anesthetized or low cerveau isolé preparations. Responsiveness of hippocampal pyramidal neurons to microiontophoretic applications of serotonin was markedly enhanced in rats pretreated with six ECSs. Responsiveness to 5-methoxydimethyltryptamine, a postsynaptic agonist which is not an adequate substrate for the high-affinity serotonin reuptake process, was also enhanced in rats pretreated with six ECSs, indicating that the increased responsiveness to serotonin was due to a postsynaptic modification. The effects of norepinephrine and of gamma-aminobutyric acid applied on the same neurons were not modified by repeated ECS pretreatment. A single ECS failed to modify responsiveness to either serotonin or 5-methoxydimethyltryptamine. Inasmuch as long-term tricyclic antidepressant drug administration has been shown to produce a similar sensitization to serotonin, the present results suggest that enhancement of serotonergic neurotransmission might mediate the therapeutic effect of both types of treatment in major depression.
电休克疗法仍然是重度抑郁症最有效的治疗方法之一。我们在接受一次或六次电休克刺激（ECS）预处理的大鼠中，研究了电休克刺激对海马锥体神经元对血清素、去甲肾上腺素、γ-氨基丁酸和5-甲氧基二甲基色胺反应性的影响。对照组大鼠接受阈下刺激。在最后一次刺激36小时后，在氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉或低位孤立脑标本中进行微离子透入实验。在接受六次ECS预处理的大鼠中，海马锥体神经元对微离子透入给予的血清素的反应性显著增强。在接受六次ECS预处理的大鼠中，对5-甲氧基二甲基色胺（一种不是高亲和力血清素再摄取过程合适底物的突触后激动剂）的反应性也增强，这表明对血清素反应性的增加是由于突触后修饰所致。对同一神经元施加的去甲肾上腺素和γ-氨基丁酸的作用未因重复ECS预处理而改变。单次ECS未能改变对血清素或5-甲氧基二甲基色胺的反应性。由于长期服用三环类抗抑郁药已被证明会产生类似的对血清素的致敏作用，目前的结果表明，血清素能神经传递的增强可能介导了这两种治疗方法在重度抑郁症中的治疗效果。
