Baumgärtner M, Müller H P, Wundt W
Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(12):1615-9.
The in vitro activity of ceftazidime and netilmicin against gram-negative bacteria often causing hospital infections was evaluated and furthermore synergistic effects of these antibiotics were studied. Ceftazidime was as active as netilmicin against Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Morganella inhibiting 90% of these strains at concentrations from 0.5 to 4 micrograms/ml. Ceftazidime was the most effective agent against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, being even more active than cefsulodin, with a mean minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4.57 micrograms/ml (median 2.0 micrograms/ml), also inhibiting cefoperazone- and cefsulodin-resistant Pseudomonas. There was at most a two-fold difference in either MIC or minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). In all genera tested an increase of the inoculum size from 10(4) to 5 X 10(6) colony forming units had minimal effects upon the MIC or MBC of ceftazidime and there was no decrease of the MIC in the presence of clavulanic acid or sulbactam. When ceftazidime and netilmicin were combined synergism was observed against all strains tested.
评估了头孢他啶和奈替米星对常引起医院感染的革兰氏阴性菌的体外活性，并进一步研究了这些抗生素的协同作用。头孢他啶对肠杆菌科细菌（如肠杆菌属、克雷伯菌属、摩根菌属）的活性与奈替米星相当，例如在浓度为0.5至4微克/毫升时可抑制90%的这些菌株。头孢他啶是对抗铜绿假单胞菌最有效的药物，甚至比头孢磺啶更具活性，平均最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为4.57微克/毫升（中位数为2.0微克/毫升），也能抑制对头孢哌酮和头孢磺啶耐药的铜绿假单胞菌。MIC或最低杀菌浓度（MBC）最多有两倍的差异。在所有测试的菌属中，接种量从10⁴增加到5×10⁶菌落形成单位对头孢他啶的MIC或MBC影响极小，并且在克拉维酸或舒巴坦存在的情况下MIC没有降低。当头孢他啶和奈替米星联合使用时，对所有测试菌株均观察到协同作用。
