Thakur C P, Kumar M, Singh S K, Sharma D, Prasad U S, Singh R S, Dhawan P S, Achari V
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984 Mar 24;288(6421):895-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.288.6421.895.
One hundred and twenty six patients with kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) were allocated at random to one of two groups for treatment with sodium stibogluconate. One group was treated for 20 days; in the other group the patients were assessed after 20 days' treatment and treatment was continued if necessary. Both groups were followed up for six months. There was no significant difference in symptomatic outcome between the two groups at 20 days. At six months eight of the patients in the group treated for 20 days had relapsed and 54 were cured. Of the group given more than 20 days' treatment if necessary, 62 were cured and none had relapsed (12 required more than 20 days' treatment). This difference between the two groups was significant. One patient in each group did not respond to sodium stibogluconate, but both were were cured with pentamidine. Altogether 104 patients were cured after 20 days' treatment; 20, including the eight who relapsed, were cured after more than 20 days' treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the side effects of the drug, which were minor. The longer courses of treatment (50 days in one patient) were well tolerated. It is suggested that the traditional six day course of treatment with sodium stibogluconate for kala-azar is grossly inadequate and that a longer course is required to prevent relapse.
126例黑热病（内脏利什曼病）患者被随机分配到两组之一，接受葡萄糖酸锑钠治疗。一组治疗20天；另一组患者在治疗20天后进行评估，必要时继续治疗。两组均随访6个月。两组在20天时的症状转归无显著差异。6个月时，接受20天治疗的组中有8例患者复发，54例治愈。在必要时接受超过20天治疗的组中，62例治愈，无一例复发（12例需要超过20天的治疗）。两组之间的这种差异具有显著性。每组各有1例患者对葡萄糖酸锑钠无反应，但均用喷他脒治愈。共有104例患者在20天治疗后治愈；包括8例复发患者在内的20例患者在超过20天的治疗后治愈。两组药物的副作用无显著差异，副作用轻微。较长疗程（1例患者为50天）耐受性良好。提示传统的葡萄糖酸锑钠6天疗程治疗黑热病严重不足，需要更长疗程以预防复发。
