Reconstruction of photosynthetic, cyclic electron transport system from photoreaction unit, ubiquinone-10 protein, cytochrome c2 and polar lipids purified from Rhodospirillum rubrum.

It was previously reported that in chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum, reaction center, which consists of three kinds of protein (Mm, about 78K), is a small fragment of a large protein complex (PRU; photoreaction unit), which contains six other kinds of protein including light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll protein, has Mm of about 700K and is free of phospholipid [J. Biochem. 86, 1211-1224 (1979); 94, 1815-1826 (1983(]. In the present study, the photosynthetic, cyclic electron transport system sensitive to antimycin A was effectively reconstructed by incubating 60 nM PRU (which contained 1 mol of reaction center and 2 mol of ubiquinone-10 per mol) with 300 nM each of oxidized ubiquinone-10 protein, reduced cytochrome c2 and lipoamino acid (which were all purified from Rhodospirillum rubrum) in the presence of low concentrations of cholate and deoxycholate (pH 8.0). In the light, the cytochrome was oxidized while the quinone was reduced. The oxidation and reduction each progressed rapidly at first, then slowly, reaching maxima (steady states) 1-2 min after the light had been turned on. At the steady states, 30% of the cytochrome was oxidized while 11% of the total quinone was reduced. When the light was turned off, the original oxidation-reduction states of the cytochrome and quinone were restored at rapid rates initially then at slow rates. Antimycin A stimulated the slow rates in the light-on state and depressed them in the light-off state, but did not influence the fast rates. Ubiquinone-10 protein was required for the antibiotic-sensitive, slow oxidation reactions. This indicates that the slow rates were due to cyclic electron transport. Cytochrome c2 was tightly bound to PRU at a molar ratio of 1:1. This cytochrome as well as the quinone bound to PRU was responsible for the fast rates. PRU had other sites able to bind cytochrome c2 and ubiquinone-10 protein with Km of 0.4 and 0.1 microM, respectively. Of the polar lipids tested, lipoamino acid was the most effective for reconstruction, and its effect was maximal at 300 nM, which is far below its critical micelle concentration.