Vargas R E, Naber E C
J Nutr. 1984 Apr;114(4):645-52. doi: 10.1093/jn/114.4.645.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of dietary fiber in rations of varying nutrient density on egg yolk cholesterol, energy balance and reproductive efficiency of laying hens. Initially, four diets arranged in a Latin square design were tested: low, medium and high nutrient density diets and a control diet. The energy-to-protein ratio was 171.8 kcal/% protein for all diets. Significant differences (P less than 0.01) were observed between diets for feed intake, feed efficiency and fecal output of the hens. Dietary differences in yolk cholesterol, egg production, egg weight, body weight change and energy balance were not significant, and hence unrelated to dietary fiber level. A significant negative correlation (P less than 0.01) was found between yolk cholesterol and egg production (r = -0.45) or egg energy output (r = -0.38). In addition, yolk cholesterol was positively correlated with body weight change (r = 0.23, P less than 0.01). In the second experiment, the possible relationship between level of feed intake, body weight change and yolk cholesterol was further investigated. Yolk cholesterol tended to increase when the laying pullets consumed more than 387 kcal ME/day or gained more than 100 g in body weight. When the energy intake was less than 340 kcal ME/day or the birds lost body weight, an increase in yolk cholesterol also was noted but was inversely related to feed intake or body weight change.
进行了两项试验，以确定不同营养密度日粮中的膳食纤维对蛋鸡蛋黄胆固醇、能量平衡和繁殖性能的影响。最初，对按拉丁方设计安排的四种日粮进行了测试：低、中、高营养密度日粮和一种对照日粮。所有日粮的能量与蛋白质比均为171.8千卡/ %蛋白质。在母鸡的采食量、饲料效率和粪便排出量方面，日粮之间存在显著差异（P < 0.01）。日粮在蛋黄胆固醇、产蛋量、蛋重、体重变化和能量平衡方面的差异不显著，因此与膳食纤维水平无关。发现蛋黄胆固醇与产蛋量（r = -0.45）或蛋能量输出（r = -0.38）之间存在显著负相关（P < 0.01）。此外，蛋黄胆固醇与体重变化呈正相关（r = 0.23，P < 0.01）。在第二项试验中，进一步研究了采食量水平、体重变化与蛋黄胆固醇之间的可能关系。当产蛋小母鸡每天消耗超过387千卡代谢能或体重增加超过100克时，蛋黄胆固醇往往会增加。当能量摄入量低于340千卡代谢能/天或鸡体重减轻时，也会注意到蛋黄胆固醇增加，但与采食量或体重变化呈负相关。
