The state of cardiac electrophysiology--1983.

Cardiac electrophysiology has grown into a major field of scientific study and patient care. In the laboratory, it is closely allied with cellular and molecular neurobiology. At that level, it is experiencing a revolution in concept and approach that is seen perhaps once in a generation. This revolution is exemplified by recordings of opening and shutting of single ionic channels. Application of older laboratory techniques and knowledge has also led to a revolution in clinical electrophysiology, exemplified by provocation of ventricular tachycardia and catheter methods of ablation of arrhythmic foci. Clinical electrophysiology will be built on immensely greater knowledge of membrane phenomena and on the partnership of laboratory and clinic. We can be confident that the field will change and grow greatly in the coming decade.