Woods W G, Daigle A E, Hutchinson R J, Robison L L
J Pediatr. 1984 Oct;105(4):639-44. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(84)80439-4.
Thirty-seven children with acute lymphocytic leukemia in clinical remission for at least 6 months completed a 1-year trial in which they were randomly assigned in a double-blind fashion to receive co-trimoxazole twice daily for 6 months followed by placebo for 6 months (18 patients) or placebo followed by co-trimoxazole (19 patients). Total amounts of maintenance chemotherapy administered during both periods were similar. During administration of co-trimoxazole significant reductions were documented in the patients' average total white blood count (P less than 0.001), absolute neutrophil count (P less than 0.001), absolute lymphocyte count (P = 0.009), and platelet count (P = 0.002) compared with values obtained during the placebo period. Patients had on the average 1.6 infections during the co-trimoxazole period compared with 2.5 infections during placebo administration (P = 0.008). It is concluded that, although co-trimoxazole is an effective prophylactic antibiotic in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia, the resultant myelosuppression could potentially hamper the administration of maintenance cancer chemotherapy.
37名急性淋巴细胞白血病临床缓解至少6个月的儿童完成了一项为期1年的试验，在该试验中，他们以双盲方式被随机分配，一组18名患者每日两次接受复方新诺明治疗6个月，随后6个月接受安慰剂治疗；另一组19名患者先接受安慰剂治疗，然后接受复方新诺明治疗。两个阶段给予的维持化疗总量相似。在服用复方新诺明期间，与安慰剂阶段获得的值相比，患者的平均总白细胞计数（P<0.001）、绝对中性粒细胞计数（P<0.001）、绝对淋巴细胞计数（P = 0.009）和血小板计数（P = 0.002）均有显著下降。在复方新诺明治疗期间，患者平均发生1.6次感染，而在安慰剂治疗期间为2.5次感染（P = 0.008）。得出的结论是，虽然复方新诺明在急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童中是一种有效的预防性抗生素，但由此产生的骨髓抑制可能会妨碍维持性癌症化疗的实施。
