Henry S A, Armstrong D, Kempin S, Gee T, Arlin Z, Clarkson B
Am J Med. 1984 Oct;77(4):663-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90359-0.
The efficacy of orally administered trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for infection prevention following induction chemotherapy was evaluated in 43 patients with acute leukemia. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole during 20 episodes of profound granulocytopenia; 23 patients in the control group were followed through 25 granulocytopenic episodes. The incidences of superficial skin and overall infections were significantly lower in those patients with multiple relapses who received trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (p = 0.008); however, there was no difference between the groups in regard to days of fever, days of antibiotic administration, days of hospitalization, or gram-negative rod bacteremia. As a result of this study, this regimen cannot be unequivocally recommended for infection prevention in neutropenic patients with acute leukemia undergoing induction or reinduction chemotherapy.
对43例急性白血病患者评估了口服甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑在诱导化疗后预防感染的疗效。20例患者在20次严重粒细胞减少期间被随机分配接受甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑治疗；对照组23例患者经历了25次粒细胞减少发作。接受甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑治疗的多次复发患者的浅表皮肤感染和总体感染发生率显著较低（p = 0.008）；然而，两组在发热天数、抗生素使用天数、住院天数或革兰氏阴性杆菌血症方面没有差异。这项研究的结果表明，对于接受诱导或再诱导化疗的急性白血病中性粒细胞减少患者，不能明确推荐该方案用于预防感染。
