Marshall F F, Freedman M T
J Urol. 1978 Feb;119(2):188-91. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)57430-3.
Crossed renal ectopia is an unusual congenital anomaly, probably produced by abnormal development of the ureteral bud. The deformity itself produces no symptoms and the clinical presentation generally is for obstruction and infection. In our series the adult patients presented most commonly with urinary tract infections, while the pediatric patients presented most often with multiple congenital anomalies, especially of the skeletal system.
交叉异位肾是一种罕见的先天性异常，可能由输尿管芽的异常发育引起。畸形本身不产生症状，临床表现通常为梗阻和感染。在我们的病例系列中，成年患者最常见的表现是尿路感染，而儿科患者最常出现多种先天性异常，尤其是骨骼系统的异常。
