Bash K W
Psychother Psychosom. 1984;42(1-4):182-6. doi: 10.1159/000287843.
Psychiatric-epidemiological surveys executed from 1963 to 1976 in Iran with the help of the WHO sampled all three principal components (rural, urban, tribal) of the population greater than or equal to 6 years. The surveys employed questionnaires and tests in a first screening phase and individual psychiatric examinations of all suspects in a second. They were based partly on census studies, partly on random samples. Prevalencies per 1,000 for all psychiatric cases were: rural 149, urban 166, tribal 21; for all psychoreactive cases (included in the foregoing) rural 87, urban 98, tribal 12; for all psychosomatic cases (included in the psychoreactive) rural 17, urban 23, tribal 9. All tribal rates were significantly lower. Reactive cases thus accounted for 59% of the total psychiatric morbidity, psychosomatic cases for 14% of it. Significant sex differences were found only in the poorer strata. The distribution of types of psychosomatic disorder differed from what Cremerius has reported for Munich, with more psychosomatic headache and less pulmonary/cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disturbance.
1963年至1976年期间，在世界卫生组织的协助下，伊朗开展了精神病流行病学调查，对所有6岁及以上人口的三个主要组成部分（农村、城市、部落）进行了抽样。调查在第一阶段使用问卷和测试进行初步筛查，在第二阶段对所有疑似病例进行个体精神病检查。这些调查部分基于人口普查研究，部分基于随机样本。每1000人中所有精神病病例的患病率分别为：农村149例、城市166例、部落21例；所有精神反应性病例（包括在前述病例中）农村87例、城市98例、部落12例；所有心身疾病病例（包括在精神反应性病例中）农村17例、城市23例、部落9例。所有部落的发病率均显著较低。因此，反应性病例占精神疾病总发病率的59%，心身疾病病例占14%。仅在较贫困阶层发现了显著的性别差异。心身障碍类型的分布与克雷默里乌斯报告的慕尼黑情况不同，心身性头痛更多，而肺部/心血管和胃肠道障碍较少。
