Ruprecht K W, Wulle K G, Christl H L
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1978 Mar;172(3):332-41.
Within medical diagnostic "check-up" programs intraocular pressure measurements by applanation tonometry from 8899 patients (5924 men, 66.6%; 2975 women, 33.4%) were statistically evaluated. The frequency of each i.o. pressure show no Gaussian distribution but is skewed to the right with marked excess to higher values of i.o. pressure. Correlation of mean i.o. pressure with age shows (starting in the group of the 20-24 years old to the 75-79 years old persons) a rather linear progression of i.o. pressure. The mean value of i.o. pressure (n = 17,798 eyes) was x = 16.25 mm Hg, the standard deviation +/- 3.45, the standard deviation of the mean +/- 0.03 mm Hg. In men in 2.18% in women in 1.81% higher i.o. pressure than 21 mm Hg was found. I.o. pressure higher than 24 mm Hg have 0.66% of the men and 0.58% of the women. Patients forty years old and elder showing in 4.92% of the men and 4.88% of the women higher i.o. pressure than 21 mm Hg. In patients fifty-five years old and elder in 5.75% of the men and respectively in 6.69% of the women i.o. pressure higher than 21 mm Hg was found. Incidences of elevated i.o. pressure from patients over forty years old in ten years steps are presented. In 103 patients with unilaterally i.o. pressure higher than 24 mm Hg 12% presents manifest diabetes mellitus. The usefullness of applanation tonometry as a practicable screening method for early glaucoma detection within medical diagnostic "check-up" programs is outlined. Advantages of data-aquisition and -processing systems to continue those studies are emphasized.
在医疗诊断“体检”项目中，对8899名患者（5924名男性，占66.6%；2975名女性，占33.4%）通过压平眼压计测量眼压进行了统计学评估。每个眼压值的频率分布并非呈高斯分布，而是向右偏态分布，较高眼压值的出现频率明显过高。平均眼压与年龄的相关性显示（从20 - 24岁组到75 - 79岁组）眼压呈相当线性的上升趋势。眼压平均值（n = 17798只眼）为x = 16.25 mmHg，标准差为±3.45，平均值的标准误为±0.03 mmHg。发现男性中眼压高于21 mmHg的比例为2.18%，女性中为1.81%。眼压高于24 mmHg的男性占0.66%，女性占0.58%。40岁及以上的患者中，男性有4.92%、女性有4.88%的眼压高于21 mmHg。55岁及以上的患者中，男性有5.75%、女性有6.69%的眼压高于21 mmHg。列出了40岁以上患者以10年为步长的眼压升高发生率。在103名单侧眼压高于24 mmHg的患者中，12%患有显性糖尿病。概述了压平眼压计作为医疗诊断“体检”项目中早期青光眼检测的实用筛查方法的实用性。强调了数据采集和处理系统对继续这些研究的优势。
