Exercise and reproductive function in women.

Recent studies have documented that women engaged in strenuous exercise programs may develop reproductive defects, including delayed menarche, shortened luteal phase, and amenorrhea. The etiological bases for these abnormalities have not been determined, but physical, hormonal, nutritional, psychological, and environmental factors may be involved and may differ in importance in affected individuals. The consequences of the altered reproductive function associated with exertion will not be identified until prospective long-term investigations are conducted. In the absence of data to the contrary, however, we currently believe that exercise-associated defects in reproduction are not serious and may be reversed by changes in life-style.