Immunohistochemical evidence that brain enkephalins arise from a precursor similar to adrenal preproenkephalin.

We have examined rat brains by immunohistochemistry with an antiserum raised against BAM22P, a synthetic fragment of the adrenomedullary precursor of Leu- and Met-enkephalin, in order to determine whether preproenkephalin derived peptides are detectable in the central nervous system. BAM22P antiserum stained fibers, nerve endings and cell bodies in many areas of the brain, especially the striatum, the septum and the hypothalamus. Comparative topographical studies showed that neurons recognized by anti-BAM22P overlapped structures found immunoreactive for enkephalins in the present study. In addition, BAM22P antiserum stained cell bodies in cerebral cortex and in caudate putamen. The presence of BAM22P immunoreactivity in presumptive enkephalin neurons suggests that some brain enkephalins arise from a precursor identical or closely related to the preproenkephalin A found in the bovine adrenal medulla. This does not preclude the possibility of enkephalins also arising from other precursor molecules.