Nichols R L
Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Mar-Apr;5 Suppl 1:S90-7. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.supplement_1.s90.
Intraabdominal sepsis most frequently follows penetrating or blunt abdominal trauma or perforated appendicitis or diverticulitis. The initial escape of the endogenous gastrointestinal microflora into the peritoneal cavity results in peritonitis and secondary septicemia, which is frequently followed by localized intraabdominal abscesses. These infections are most frequently polymicrobial and relate directly to the unique endogenous microflora at the various levels of the gastrointestinal tract. The treatment of intraabdominal sepsis is primarily centered around prompt, appropriate surgical intervention. parenterally administered antibiotics are also required to decrease the chance of local bacterial invasion or septicemia. The choice of the appropriate agent(s) to be used initially, before culture and sensitivity reports are available, depends primarily on the clinical presentation. Clinical and experimental studies of intraabdominal sepsis have largely stressed the use of antibiotic agents that have a spectrum of activity effective against both the aerobic coliforms and anaerobic Bacteroides fragilis.
腹腔内脓毒症最常继发于腹部穿透伤或钝性伤、阑尾穿孔或憩室炎。胃肠道内源性微生物最初逸入腹腔会导致腹膜炎和继发性败血症，随后常出现局限性腹腔内脓肿。这些感染大多是多微生物感染，直接与胃肠道不同部位独特的内源性微生物群有关。腹腔内脓毒症的治疗主要围绕及时、恰当的手术干预展开。还需要胃肠外使用抗生素以降低局部细菌侵袭或败血症的发生几率。在获得培养和药敏报告之前，最初选择合适的抗生素主要取决于临床表现。腹腔内脓毒症的临床和实验研究在很大程度上强调使用对需氧大肠菌和脆弱拟杆菌均有效的广谱抗生素。
