A petite mitochondrial DNA segment arising in exceptionally high frequency in a mit- mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In cultures of the mit- mutant strain Mb12 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (carrying a mutation in the oli2 gene), 70% of the cells are petite mutants. More than 80% of the petites from Mb12 contain a particular mtDNA segment, denoted BB5, that is 880 bp long and carries a single MboI site. Thus, in cultures of Mb12, about 56% of the cells are petites containing the defective BB5 mtDNA genome, and only 30% are mit- cells containing parental Mb12 mtDNA. The BB5 mtDNA segment is also found in petites arising from the wild-type strain J69-1B (from which Mb12 was derived), but in this case mtDNA from only five out of 24 petites produced an 880 bp band after MboI digestion. Since J69-1B cultures carry a petite frequency of about 5%, approximately 1% of cells in J69-1B cultures contain the BB5 mtDNA segment. The difference between Mb12 and J69-1B cultures is reflected in the MboI digestion patterns of the respective mtDNAs. While Mb12 mtDNA contains a grossly superstoicheiometric 880 bp MboI fragment, the corresponding fragment in J69-1B mtDNA cannot be seen on stained gels, but can be readily visualized in Southern blots hybridized to a 32P-labelled DNA probe obtained from the 880 bp MboI fragment. The BB5 mtDNA segment was shown to contain the ori1 sequence (one of several very similar sequences in wild-type mtDNA thought to act as origins of replication of mtDNA) which confers the genetic property of very high suppressiveness on petites carrying this mtDNA. The efficient replication of BB5 mtDNA may contribute to its abundance in Mb12 cultures. Nevertheless, other factors must operate to influence the abundance of the BB5 mtDNA segment in cultures of different strains, the most important of which is likely to be the rate of excision of this mtDNA segment from the parental mtDNA genome.