Bergquist N R, Waller T
J Immunol Methods. 1983 Jul 29;61(3):339-44. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90229-6.
The carbon immunoassay (CIA) is a direct serological test relying on a specific reaction between the carbon particles of India ink and rabbit immunoglobulin G. On addition of the India ink reagent, particulate antigens may be visualized in the light microscope after rabbit antibodies have reacted with them. Serum, India ink reagent and antigen may be mixed together in a single step and the result read within 5 min. The applicability of CIA can be expanded to include human sera by pretreatment of India ink with staphylococcal protein A. Sera from 50 suspected toxoplasmosis patients were examined by immunofluorescence (IF), the dye test of Sabin-Feldman (SF) and CIA. There was good correlation between results by the CIA and IF. Sera with low SF titres were usually negative by IF and negative or weakly positive by CIA. With sera positive by all 3 tests, CIA and IF gave similar titres, but SF titres were generally higher. CIA provides a simple inexpensive and rapid laboratory test for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
碳免疫测定法（CIA）是一种直接血清学检测方法，它依赖于印度墨汁的碳颗粒与兔免疫球蛋白G之间的特异性反应。加入印度墨汁试剂后，在兔抗体与颗粒抗原发生反应后，可在光学显微镜下观察到颗粒抗原。血清、印度墨汁试剂和抗原可以一步混合在一起，结果在5分钟内读出。通过用葡萄球菌蛋白A预处理印度墨汁，CIA的适用性可以扩展到包括人血清。对50例疑似弓形虫病患者的血清进行了免疫荧光法（IF）、Sabin-Feldman染料试验（SF）和CIA检测。CIA和IF的结果之间有良好的相关性。SF滴度低的血清通常IF检测为阴性，CIA检测为阴性或弱阳性。对于所有三种检测均为阳性的血清，CIA和IF的滴度相似，但SF滴度通常更高。CIA为弓形虫病的诊断提供了一种简单、廉价且快速的实验室检测方法。
