Lyketsos G C, Blackburn I M, Tsiantis J
Psychol Med. 1978 Feb;8(1):145-9. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700006723.
Sixteen depressed in-patients from a hospital in Athens were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire. Comparison of admission, discharge and mid-treatment scores showed that: (1) There was a larger drop in depression score in the first half of treatment. (2) Hostility scores, except for extrapunitiveness, decreased significantly over time, larger changes occurring in the first half of treatment. (3) Comparisons with British scores showed that during illness there were no significant differences between British and Greeks, though the latter tended to be more extrapunitive. At recovery, the Greeks were significantly more extrapunitive. The movement of hostility in depressive illness, the validity of the HDHQ and need for national norms are discussed.
来自雅典一家医院的16名住院抑郁症患者使用汉密尔顿评定量表和敌意及敌意指向问卷进行了评估。入院、出院和治疗中期分数的比较显示：（1）治疗前半期抑郁分数下降幅度更大。（2）除了外罚性，敌意分数随时间显著下降，治疗前半期变化更大。（3）与英国分数的比较显示，患病期间英国人和希腊人之间没有显著差异，尽管后者往往更具外罚性。康复时，希腊人明显更具外罚性。文中讨论了抑郁症中敌意的变化、敌意及敌意指向问卷的有效性以及对全国常模的需求。
