Bergan T
Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1983;85:5-14.
Anaerobic bacteria are particularly frequent in infections following surgery and other trauma implanting bacteria of the normal mucosal flora. A few clinical clues of anerobic infections like smelling pus or discharge, preceeding aminoglycoside therapy or lack of anaerobic bacterial growth are important clues that anaerobes may be involved. Successful recovery of anaerobic bacteria, however, requires special techniques carried out by the clinician. Samples must be taken with a few basic rules in mind: (1) puncturing by syringe is the preferable method of sampling, (3) oxygen must not gain access to the samples (and must be removed before transport to the laboratory, if inadvertently admitted), (4) rapid transport to the laboratory improves the chance of successful recovery of anaerobes, and (5) special transport methods are required for specimens containing anaerobic bacteria.
厌氧菌在手术及其他创伤后感染中尤为常见，这些感染会植入正常黏膜菌群中的细菌。一些厌氧菌感染的临床线索，如脓液或分泌物有异味、在氨基糖苷类药物治疗之前出现，或厌氧细菌未生长，都是厌氧菌可能参与其中的重要线索。然而，要成功分离出厌氧菌，需要临床医生采用特殊技术。采集样本时必须牢记一些基本规则：（1）用注射器穿刺是首选的采样方法，（3）样本不能接触氧气（如果不小心混入氧气，在送往实验室之前必须去除），（4）快速送往实验室可提高成功分离出厌氧菌的几率，（5）含有厌氧菌的标本需要特殊的运送方法。
