Daffner R H
Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1983;20(2):79-119.
The common denominator of any roentgenographic study is the ability of the radiologist to interpret the image on the film. We are aware that the makeup of that image is a composite of the shadows of all the structures through which the roentgen beam passes. Less well appreciated, however, is a variety of illusory phenomena which results from overlapping shadows, differences in background illumination, and subjective contour formation. The result is a variety of false images which exists in the "mind's eye" only and may be misinterpreted as significant pathologic abnormalities. The three most common causes of illusory phenomena are Mach bands, background density effect, and subjective contours. These are all related and are derived from the process of lateral inhibition. It is important for radiologists to recognize these phenomena in order to avoid their pitfalls. This paper will describe these phenomena and will review previous work on perception.
任何X线检查的共同要素是放射科医生解读胶片上影像的能力。我们知道，该影像的构成是X线束穿过的所有结构阴影的复合体。然而，人们对各种由重叠阴影、背景照明差异和主观轮廓形成导致的虚幻现象了解较少。结果是产生了各种仅存在于“脑海中”的虚假影像，可能会被误判为显著的病理异常。虚幻现象最常见的三个原因是马赫带、背景密度效应和主观轮廓。这些都相互关联，且源于侧抑制过程。放射科医生认识到这些现象以避免陷入陷阱很重要。本文将描述这些现象，并回顾以往关于感知的研究。
