Ransome O J, Roode H
S Afr Med J. 1984 Jan 28;65(4):127-8.
A blind controlled trial was performed to test the hypothesis that early introduction of full-strength cow's milk (FCM) during an attack of acute infantile gastroenteritis does not prolong the course of the illness. A total of 74 children matched for age was admitted to the trial, which compared the effect of FCM with that of graduated milk (the strength of which was gradually increased). Thirteen children (17.5%) were withdrawn because of lactose malabsorption; of those remaining, 29 were given FCM and 32 graduated milk. The mean duration of diarrhoea was 2,62 days for those on FCM and 2,64 days for those given graduated milk (P = 0,71, not significant). Early introduction of FCM therefore does not prolong the course of acute infantile gastroenteritis. Because of the prevalence of malnutrition in South Africa the practice of giving clear fluids or diluted milk during an attack of gastro-enteritis is unnecessary and dangerous.
进行了一项盲法对照试验，以检验以下假设：在急性婴儿肠胃炎发作期间尽早引入全脂牛奶（FCM）不会延长病程。共有74名年龄匹配的儿童参与了该试验，该试验比较了全脂牛奶与分级牛奶（其浓度逐渐增加）的效果。13名儿童（17.5%）因乳糖吸收不良退出；在其余儿童中，29名给予全脂牛奶，32名给予分级牛奶。接受全脂牛奶的儿童腹泻平均持续时间为2.62天，接受分级牛奶的儿童为2.64天（P = 0.71，无显著性差异）。因此，尽早引入全脂牛奶不会延长急性婴儿肠胃炎的病程。由于南非营养不良现象普遍，在肠胃炎发作期间给予清汤或稀释牛奶的做法既无必要又危险。
