Kintner C R, Brockes J P
Nature. 1984;308(5954):67-9. doi: 10.1038/308067a0.
Blastemal cells arise after the amputation of limbs or tails in urodele amphibians. These histologically undifferentiated mesenchymal cells divide and subsequently differentiate to regenerate a new appendage. Various studies (reviewed in ref. 1) indicate that blastemal cells arise from tissues near the site of amputation, including muscle, cartilage, nerve and dermis. The multinucleated myofibre, however, is a controversial source of blastemal cells. The suggestion that myofibres can dedifferentiate is based on their histological appearance during the early stages of limb regeneration. This is contrary to the widely accepted view of muscle regeneration in higher vertebrates which attributes it to satellite cells. One prediction of the dedifferentiation hypothesis is that a population with properties of both myofibres and blastema cells should be present during the early stages of regeneration. Here we described the isolation of two monoclonal antibodies, one that recognizes an antigen found only in myofibres and another that recognizes an antigen restricted to blastemal cells. By using these antibodies as cell markers, we can detect a small population of cells in the regenerating limbs of adult newts that bear both the myofibre and blastemal cell antigens. The time and location of these double-labelled cells supports the idea that blastemal cells originate, in part, by dedifferentiation of myofibres.
在有尾两栖动物的肢体或尾巴被截断后，胚基细胞会出现。这些组织学上未分化的间充质细胞进行分裂，随后分化以再生出新的附肢。各种研究（参考文献1中有综述）表明，胚基细胞源自截肢部位附近的组织，包括肌肉、软骨、神经和真皮。然而，多核肌纤维是胚基细胞的一个有争议的来源。关于肌纤维可以去分化的观点是基于肢体再生早期阶段它们的组织学外观。这与高等脊椎动物中广泛接受的将肌肉再生归因于卫星细胞的观点相反。去分化假说的一个预测是，在再生早期阶段应该存在一群兼具肌纤维和胚基细胞特性的细胞。在这里，我们描述了两种单克隆抗体的分离，一种识别仅在肌纤维中发现的抗原，另一种识别仅限于胚基细胞的抗原。通过使用这些抗体作为细胞标记，我们可以在成年蝾螈再生肢体中检测到一小群同时带有肌纤维和胚基细胞抗原的细胞。这些双标记细胞出现的时间和位置支持了胚基细胞部分源自肌纤维去分化的观点。
