Glantz P O
J Biol Buccale. 1984 Mar;12(1):3-16.
The costs of traditional dental gold alloys have increased rapidly over the last fifteen years, and numerous attempts have therefore been made to develop and produce less expensive alternatives for use in the manufacture of fixed dental appliances. A review is presented of the various types of alloys currently available in the western world, as well as of the biological, technical and clinical aspects of their use in dentistry. Special attention is paid to the possible risks of various types of pathological reactions associated with alternative alloys containing nickel, beryllium or cadmium. Technical aspects covered include constructional problems and those associated with casting, finishing and the clinical adjustment of fixed appliances produced by traditional and alternative alloys. In conclusion, it is stated that even if rapid progress in this area makes long-term predictions difficult there is no evidence at present to suggest that the costs of dental treatment have in general become noticably lower to the patients when alternative alloys have been used instead of traditional gold based ones.
在过去十五年中，传统牙科金合金的成本迅速增加，因此人们进行了大量尝试，以开发和生产成本较低的替代品，用于制造固定牙科器械。本文综述了目前西方世界可获得的各种合金类型，以及它们在牙科应用中的生物学、技术和临床方面。特别关注了含镍、铍或镉的替代合金可能引发的各种病理反应风险。涵盖的技术方面包括结构问题以及与传统合金和替代合金制造的固定器械铸造、精加工和临床调整相关的问题。总之，文中指出，即使该领域的快速发展使得长期预测变得困难，但目前没有证据表明，使用替代合金而非传统金基合金时，牙科治疗成本总体上已显著降低，使患者受益。
