Erdmann H
Onkologie. 1984 Feb;7 Suppl 1:46-54. doi: 10.1159/000215503.
Paraneoplasia has come to denote those tumor activities not caused within an organism directly by invasion, obstruction, or by the tumor burden itself. PSN research has yielded best results through the examination of those hormones produced by the tumor, esp. the pro-ACTH and its functionally active subgroups, furthermore the ADH, gonadotropins, HPL, STH, prolactine etc. Frequently very special features have been found to characterize this disease which have been published in detail. In addition to this, several differentiating PNS have been described without having been sufficiently defined, esp. those concerning the nervous system, the haematopoesia , the kidneys, the skin and the gastrointestinal system. In very rare cases there has been a mention or different characteristic syndromes that have come to be assigned to special kinds of tumors.
副肿瘤综合征已用来表示那些并非由肿瘤在机体内直接侵袭、阻塞或肿瘤负荷本身所引起的肿瘤相关活动。副肿瘤综合征的研究通过检测肿瘤产生的激素取得了最佳成果，尤其是促肾上腺皮质激素原及其功能活性亚组，此外还有抗利尿激素、促性腺激素、人胎盘催乳素、生长激素、催乳素等。人们经常发现这种疾病具有非常特殊的特征，并已详细发表。除此之外，还描述了几种尚未得到充分定义的鉴别性副肿瘤综合征，尤其是那些涉及神经系统、造血系统、肾脏、皮肤和胃肠道系统的综合征。在极少数情况下，有人提及或发现了不同的特征性综合征，并将其归因于特殊类型的肿瘤。
