古柯和新格拉纳达古柯生物碱的生物活性。

Biological activity of the alkaloids of Erythroxylum coca and Erythroxylum novogranatense.

作者信息

Novák M, Salemink C A, Khan I

出版信息

J Ethnopharmacol. 1984 May;10(3):261-74. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(84)90015-1.

Abstract

The cultivated Erythroxylum varieties E. coca var. coca, E. coca var. ipadu, E. novogranatense var. novogranatense and E. novogranatense var. truxillense contain 18 alkaloids, identified so far, belonging to the tropanes, pyrrolidines and pyridines, with cocaine as the main alkaloid. The biological activity of the following alkaloids has been reported in the literature: cocaine, cinnamoylcocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, pseudotropine, benzoyltropine, tropacocaine, alpha- and beta-truxilline, hygrine, cuscohygrine and nicotine. The biological activity of cocaine and nicotine is not reviewed here, because it is discussed elsewhere in the literature. Hardly anything is known about the biological activity of the other alkaloids present in the four varieties mentioned. The biosynthesis of the coca alkaloids has been outlined.

摘要

栽培的古柯属品种古柯变种古柯、古柯变种伊帕杜、新绿古柯变种新绿古柯和新绿古柯变种特鲁希略含有18种迄今已鉴定的生物碱，属于托烷类、吡咯烷类和吡啶类，其中可卡因是主要生物碱。文献中已报道了以下生物碱的生物活性：可卡因、肉桂酰可卡因、苯甲酰爱康宁、甲基爱康宁、假托品、苯甲酰托品、托哌可卡因、α-和β-特鲁希林、古豆碱、古柯碱和尼古丁。可卡因和尼古丁的生物活性在此不作综述，因为文献中其他地方已对此进行了讨论。对于上述四个品种中存在的其他生物碱的生物活性，人们几乎一无所知。古柯生物碱的生物合成已作了概述。