Eisenfeld A J, Bunt-Milam A H, Sarthy P V
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Nov;25(11):1321-8.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is normally found in astrocytes. In the normal rat retina at all ages, only astrocytes stain for GFAP. This staining pattern is also found in RCS rats with inherited retinal dystrophy younger than 38 days. Beginning on day 38, when about 61% of the photoreceptors have degenerated, a few GFAP-positive fibers span the retina from the inner limiting membrane to the external limiting membrane. By day 41 and at all later ages examined, the radial fibers of Müller cells is a response to photoreceptor necrosis or might be a direct effect of the mutant gene, we induced photoreceptor degeneration in normal, adult Sprague-Dawley rats by exposing them to constant light for variable periods of time. After 3 days in constant light, there is a 20% reduction in the number of photoreceptors and many Müller cells are positive for GFAP. Immunoblot studies confirmed that the anti-GFAP reacted with a single protein from retina that corresponded in molecular weight and Triton-insolubility to GFAP. The immunoblots also corroborated the results from anti-GFAP immunostaining of control and experimental retinas. These results indicate that Müller cells express GFAP immunoreactivity in response to experimentally as well as genetically induced photoreceptor degeneration.
胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）通常存在于星形胶质细胞中。在所有年龄段的正常大鼠视网膜中，只有星形胶质细胞对GFAP呈阳性染色。在38日龄以下患有遗传性视网膜营养不良的RCS大鼠中也发现了这种染色模式。从第38天开始，当约61%的光感受器退化时，一些GFAP阳性纤维从内界膜延伸至外界膜横跨视网膜。到第41天以及之后所有检测的年龄阶段，Müller细胞的放射状纤维是对光感受器坏死的一种反应，或者可能是突变基因的直接作用，我们通过将正常成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠暴露于持续光照不同时间段来诱导光感受器退化。在持续光照3天后，光感受器数量减少20%，许多Müller细胞对GFAP呈阳性。免疫印迹研究证实，抗GFAP与视网膜中的一种单一蛋白质发生反应，该蛋白质在分子量和对Triton不溶性方面与GFAP相对应。免疫印迹也证实了对照和实验性视网膜抗GFAP免疫染色的结果。这些结果表明，Müller细胞在实验性以及遗传性诱导的光感受器退化时表达GFAP免疫反应性。
