Zagon I S, McLaughlin P J, Goodman S R
J Neurosci. 1984 Dec;4(12):3089-100. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-12-03089.1984.
Spectrin is a major skeletal component of the erythrocyte membrane and is essential in controlling cell shape and structural stability. The brain has also been found to be rich in an immunoreactive and structural analogue of spectrin. In the present study, spectrin was localized in the mouse brain by indirect immunofluorescence using an antibody to erythrocyte spectrin that cross-reacts specifically with the alpha and beta subunits of brain spectrin. Spectrin antigens were concentrated in neuronal perikarya and cell processes. Synaptic structures and axons were observed to have little detectable spectrin antigen by immunofluorescence methodology. The cell bodies of glia had a less intense immunoreactivity in contrast to neurons, and glial processes and myelin were unstained. Cell nuclei of neural cells were not fluorescent. These results show that (a) spectrin is found in all regions of mammalian brain and its intensity corresponds to neural cell density, (b) different neural cell types contain variable spectrin content, and (c) within a single neural cell, the regional disposition of spectrin varies.
血影蛋白是红细胞膜的主要骨架成分，对控制细胞形状和结构稳定性至关重要。研究还发现，大脑中富含一种具有免疫反应性且结构与血影蛋白类似的物质。在本研究中，利用一种针对红细胞血影蛋白的抗体，通过间接免疫荧光法对小鼠大脑中的血影蛋白进行定位，该抗体可与脑血影蛋白的α和β亚基发生特异性交叉反应。血影蛋白抗原集中在神经元胞体和细胞突起中。通过免疫荧光方法观察到，突触结构和轴突几乎检测不到血影蛋白抗原。与神经元相比，胶质细胞的胞体免疫反应性较弱，胶质细胞突起和髓鞘未被染色。神经细胞的细胞核无荧光。这些结果表明：（a）血影蛋白存在于哺乳动物大脑的所有区域，其强度与神经细胞密度相对应；（b）不同类型的神经细胞所含血影蛋白的量不同；（c）在单个神经细胞内，血影蛋白的区域分布存在差异。
