Hazenberg M P, Pennock-Schröder A M
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1984;50(5-6):683-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02386233.
Selective decontamination with non-absorbable antibiotics of the gastrointestinal tract of patients with impaired host defense is increasingly applied to prevent infections with gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods. In vivo experiments on the effect of antibiotics on the human intestinal flora were performed with (ex-germ-free) mice. The experiments have shown that the human obligately anaerobic flora did not change during selective decontamination with polymyxin B, but Enterobacteriaceae were eliminated. The magnitude of differences between the sensitivity to antibiotics of the human obligately anaerobic flora and the Enterobacteriaceae in vitro may be used as an index for the usefulness of the antibiotic for selective decontamination. Binding of the antibiotics to intestinal contents has been found to be important for the estimation of the daily dose. The release of the bound antibiotic could contribute to the maintenance of equable concentrations in the intestine.
对宿主防御功能受损患者的胃肠道采用不可吸收抗生素进行选择性去污，越来越多地用于预防革兰氏阴性兼性厌氧杆菌感染。使用（无菌的）小鼠进行了抗生素对人类肠道菌群影响的体内实验。实验表明，在用多粘菌素B进行选择性去污期间，人类专性厌氧菌群没有变化，但肠杆菌科被清除。人类专性厌氧菌群和肠杆菌科在体外对抗生素敏感性的差异程度，可作为该抗生素用于选择性去污有效性的指标。已发现抗生素与肠内容物的结合对于每日剂量的估算很重要。结合态抗生素的释放可能有助于维持肠道内的均匀浓度。
