Van Scoy R E, Wilkowske C J
Mayo Clin Proc. 1983 Apr;58(4):241-5.
A major shortcoming in many studies of prophylactic antimicrobial agents has been lack of adequate evaluation of potential advantages and disadvantages in prospective double-blind investigations. Recent data demonstrated that certain bowel preparations given orally and antimicrobial agents applied topically or given parenterally prevent postoperative infections. Several studies have shown that if topically and parenterally administered antimicrobial agents are used, they should be given only during the surgical procedure. Antimicrobial therapy initiated after an operation is generally not indicated for prophylaxis and, in fact, increases the potential disadvantages of prophylaxis. There is no evidence that combinations of orally, topically, and parenterally administered antimicrobial agents reduce infection rates below those achieved by the use of any one route of prophylactic antimicrobial administration.
许多预防性抗菌药物研究的一个主要缺点是在前瞻性双盲研究中缺乏对潜在优缺点的充分评估。最近的数据表明，某些口服的肠道准备药物以及局部或胃肠外应用的抗菌药物可预防术后感染。多项研究表明，如果使用局部和胃肠外给药的抗菌药物，应仅在手术过程中给药。术后开始的抗菌治疗通常不用于预防，事实上，这会增加预防的潜在弊端。没有证据表明口服、局部和胃肠外给药的抗菌药物联合使用能将感染率降低到低于使用任何一种预防性抗菌给药途径所达到的感染率。
