Effects of lipid peroxidation on adrenal microsomal monooxygenases.

Incubation of guinea pig adrenal microsomes with 10(-6) M ferrous (Fe2+) ion and adrenal cytosol initiated high levels of lipid peroxidation as measured by the production of malonaldehyde. Cytosol or Fe2+ alone had little effect on microsomal malonaldehyde formation. When microsomes were incubated in the presence of Fe2+ and cytosol, malonaldehyde levels continued to increase for at least 60 min. Accompanying the lipid peroxidation was a decline in adrenal microsomal monooxygenase activities. The rates of metabolism of xenobiotics (benzphetamine demethylase, benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase) as well as steroids (21-hydroxylation) decreased as malonaldehyde levels increased. In addition, cytochrome P-450 levels, NADPH- and NADH-cytochrome c reductase activities, and substrate interactions with cytochrome(s) P-450 decreased as lipid peroxidation progressed. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation by increasing microsomal protein concentrations during the incubation period prevented the changes in microsomal metabolism. Malonaldehyde had no direct effects on adrenal microsomal enzyme activities. The results indicate that lipid peroxidation may have significant effects on adrenocortical function, diminishing the capacity for both xenobiotic and steroid metabolism.