La Gamma E F, Drusin L M, Mackles A W, Machalek S, Auld P A
Am J Dis Child. 1983 Sep;137(9):838-41. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1983.02140350016005.
For a 24-month period (1977 through 1978), the determinants of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) mortality were examined retrospectively in 133 consecutively admitted newborn infants who weighed less than 1,000 g at birth. Seventy-one (53.4%) died during the first five days of life, 27 (20.3%) died after the first five days of life, and 35 (26.3%) were eventually discharged from the unit. Neonatal infection was the key determinant of increased mortality after the first five days of life. In these patients, gram-positive organisms were recovered from 54% (14/26) of all body fluid cultures from 21 infected infants. Infections included Staphylococcus epidermidis (27% [7/26]), Staphylococcus aureus (15% [4/26]), and Escherichia coli (11% [3/26]). We propose that reducing the incidence of neonatal infections is necessary to substantially improve late NICU mortality in these very-low-birth-weight neonates.
在1977年至1978年的24个月期间，对133例出生时体重不足1000克的连续入院新生儿进行了回顾性研究，以探讨新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）死亡率的决定因素。71例（53.4%）在出生后前五天内死亡，27例（20.3%）在出生后前五天后死亡，35例（26.3%）最终从该病房出院。新生儿感染是出生后前五天后死亡率增加的关键决定因素。在这些患者中，从21例感染婴儿的所有体液培养物中，54%（14/26）培养出革兰氏阳性菌。感染包括表皮葡萄球菌（27%[7/26]）、金黄色葡萄球菌（15%[4/26]）和大肠杆菌（11%[3/26]）。我们认为，降低新生儿感染的发生率对于大幅提高这些极低出生体重新生儿在NICU后期的死亡率是必要的。
