Muller A, Girard M
Rev Fr Transfus Immunohematol. 1983 Nov;26(5):517-30. doi: 10.1016/s0338-4535(83)80121-4.
In May 1982, a questionnaire was sent to all of the 170 French Blood Transfusion Services (BTS), on behalf of the French Society of Blood Transfusion. The purpose was to determine the types of automated equipment used for immunohematological controls, the way in which they are used and the result of automation and computerization in daily laboratory operations. We received 135 replies (80%). A generalized conclusion can be drawn from the collected information. 50% of the respondents are neither automated nor computerized. 30% are both automated and computerized. 10% are automated but not computerized and 8% are not automated but are computerized. In the field of automated serology there is an increased tendency to complete the ABO/Rh testing by Cc D Ee and Kell phenotyping. The use of computers allows the current test determination to be compared with previous donation data. However, no fully automated equipment, which can conduct antibody screening, exists, cost effectively, in small or average BTS. In France, there has been a significant increase in automation between 1970 and 1980 but only the most important BTS have carried out automation at the same time as computerization. The smaller BTS have usually become automated without becoming computerized. In 1978, Codabar was first used. This has been one of the principal advances of the last 10 years, allowing all the users of automation to start moving towards complete computerization. This advance was assisted by the use of prepackaged software. This questionnaire also determined that the current emphasis is now to computerize administrative and management activities before laboratory activities. This survey has been conducted during a turning point of the automation of French BTS. It shows that they are, on the whole, satisfied with their automation. As far as the safety and the efficiency of the service are concerned, it is only fair to consider that the main purposes of the automation have been achieved. But in terms of cost, and serological accuracy for antibody screening, a new generation of automated equipment should appear to satisfy the users in the nineties.
1982年5月，代表法国输血协会向法国所有170家输血服务机构（BTS）发送了一份调查问卷。目的是确定用于免疫血液学检测的自动化设备类型、使用方式以及自动化和计算机化在日常实验室操作中的效果。我们收到了135份回复（80%）。从收集到的信息中可以得出一个普遍结论。50%的受访者既没有自动化也没有计算机化。30%既实现了自动化又实现了计算机化。10%实现了自动化但没有计算机化，8%没有自动化但实现了计算机化。在自动化血清学领域，通过Cc D Ee和凯尔血型分型来完成ABO/Rh检测的趋势有所增加。计算机的使用使得当前的检测结果能够与之前的献血数据进行比较。然而，在小型或中型BTS中，不存在能够经济高效地进行抗体筛查的全自动设备。在法国，1970年至1980年间自动化有了显著增长，但只有最重要的BTS在实现自动化的同时进行了计算机化。较小的BTS通常只是实现了自动化而没有实现计算机化。1978年，首次使用了库德巴码。这是过去十年的主要进展之一，使得所有自动化用户开始迈向完全计算机化。这一进展得益于预包装软件的使用。这份调查问卷还确定，目前的重点是在实验室活动之前实现行政和管理活动的计算机化。这项调查是在法国BTS自动化的一个转折点进行的。结果表明，他们总体上对自动化感到满意。就服务的安全性和效率而言，可以合理地认为自动化的主要目的已经实现。但在成本和抗体筛查的血清学准确性方面，应该出现新一代自动化设备以满足九十年代的用户需求。
