Heart and lung transplantation for pulmonary hypertension.

Seventeen patients received combined heart and lung transplants at Stanford University between March 1981 and December 1983. All recipients were suffering from end-stage pulmonary hypertension. Five patients died within the first few postoperative weeks, but the remainder were well between 2 and 35 months after operation. Immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporine with an initial course of rabbit antithymocyte globulin, and azathioprine was given for the first 2 postoperative weeks. Maintenance immunosuppression was achieved with cyclosporine and prednisone. Rejection, as diagnosed by cardiac biopsy, was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone. The functional status of the survivors has been good, and upon discharge from the hospital, all returned to normal activity. Our preliminary experience indicates that cardiopulmonary transplantation represents a realistic therapeutic approach for patients with end-stage pulmonary disease.