Simmons M J, Raymond J D, Anklesaria F X, Hawkins E T, Johnson N A, Cooper J S, Cox N M
Environ Mutagen. 1984;6(3):261-72. doi: 10.1002/em.2860060303.
Drosophila melanogaster males were treated with different doses of X-rays or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and mated so that mutagenized X chromosomes could be recovered and tested for lethal mutations and for less drastic mutations affecting viability and other aspects of fitness. The lethals were detected in standard X-linked lethal tests. The less drastic mutations were detected in one generation tests for effects on viability and in multigeneration tests for effects on overall fitness. The Poisson-corrected frequencies of the lethal mutations increased linearly with dose for both X-rays and EMS. Based on the data, 1 Krad X-rays given acutely induces the same number of lethals as 0.55 mM EMS administered by feeding. For some of the X-ray and EMS doses, the mutagenized chromosomes that were nonlethal reduced the viability of their carriers by a small amount, but there was no discernable dose-effect relationship. However in every case where a viability effect was seen, the percentage reduction was less than the corresponding frequency of lethals. All the groups of mutagenized nonlethal chromosomes reduced overall fitness by a significant percentage. Wherever a meaningful comparison was possible, this reduction was 2-3 times the reduction in viability, but, as in the viability data, no dose-effect relationship was discernable.
用不同剂量的X射线或甲磺酸乙酯（EMS）处理黑腹果蝇雄性个体，并使其交配，以便回收诱变的X染色体，并对其进行致死突变以及影响生存力和其他适合度方面的较温和突变的检测。在标准的X连锁致死试验中检测致死突变。在一代试验中检测对生存力的影响，在多代试验中检测对整体适合度的影响，从而检测较温和的突变。对于X射线和EMS，经泊松校正的致死突变频率均随剂量呈线性增加。根据数据，急性给予1千拉德X射线诱导的致死突变数量与通过喂食给予0.55 mM EMS诱导的致死突变数量相同。对于某些X射线和EMS剂量，未致死的诱变染色体使其携带者的生存力略有降低，但未发现明显的剂量效应关系。然而，在每一个观察到生存力效应的案例中，降低的百分比都小于相应的致死突变频率。所有诱变的非致死染色体组均使整体适合度显著降低。在可能进行有意义比较的情况下，这种降低是生存力降低的2至3倍，但与生存力数据一样，未发现剂量效应关系。
