Spence R A, Sloan J M, Johnston G W
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1984 Sep;159(3):253-9.
In the absence of other precipitating factors, such as Sengstaken intubation, there is little evidence for acute esophagitis being a major factor in precipitating hemorrhage from varices. Superficial blood filled channels are described lying within the epithelium. They appear to arise from papillae, extend close to the esophageal lumen and are lined by epithelial-like cells. It is proposed that rupture of these channels may initiate variceal bleeding and, being connected to the underlying larger vessels, give rise to substantial hemorrhage. It is also suggested that these superficial vascular channels may correspond to the cherry red spots seen on endoscopic examination.
在没有其他诱发因素（如三腔二囊管插管）的情况下，几乎没有证据表明急性食管炎是导致静脉曲张出血的主要因素。上皮内可见充满血液的浅表通道。它们似乎起源于乳头，延伸至靠近食管腔的位置，内衬类似上皮的细胞。有人提出这些通道的破裂可能引发静脉曲张出血，并由于与下方较大血管相连而导致大量出血。也有人认为这些浅表血管通道可能与内镜检查时所见的樱桃红点相对应。
