Allen C J, Jones N L, Killian K J
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Dec;57(6):1704-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.57.6.1704.
Changes in expired alveolar O2 and CO2 were measured breath-by-breath in six healthy male subjects (mean age 30 yr, mean weight 80 kg) at rest, 600 kpm/min, and 1,200 kpm/min. Changes were expressed in relation to expired volume (liters) and time (s) and separated into an initial dead-space component using the Fowler method applied to expired CO2 and O2, and alveolar slope. The alveolar slopes with respect to time (dPACO2, dPAO2, Torr/s) increased in relation to CO2 output (VCO2, 1/min, STPD) and O2 intake (VO2, 1/min, STPD) but were reduced by increasing tidal volume (VT, liters, BTPS): dPACO2 = 2.7 + 4.6(VCO2) - 1.9(VT) (r = 0.97); and dPAO2 = 2.3 + 5.5(VO2) - 1.9(VT) (r = 0.96). From the alveolar slopes, tidal volume, and airway dead-space volume, mean expired alveolar PO2 and PCO2 (PAO2, PACO2) were calculated. There was no change in arterialized capillary PCO2 (PaCO2) between rest (38.9 +/- 0.66 Torr) and heavy exercise (38.2 +/- 2.18 Torr), but mean PACO2 rose from 36.7 +/- 0.55 to 40.8 +/- 1.67 Torr during heavy exercise. There was no change in arterialized capillary (mean = 84.3 +/- 0.7 Torr) or alveolar (mean = 107.2 +/- 1.03 Torr) PO2. Exercise increases the fluctuations in alveolar gas composition leading to discrepancies between the PCO2 in mean alveolar gas and arterial blood to an extent that is dependent on VCO2 and VT.
在六名健康男性受试者（平均年龄30岁，平均体重80千克）休息、600千帕米/分钟和1200千帕米/分钟的状态下，逐次呼吸测量呼出肺泡氧和二氧化碳的变化。变化以呼出气体体积（升）和时间（秒）表示，并使用应用于呼出二氧化碳和氧的福勒方法分离为初始死腔成分和肺泡斜率。肺泡斜率相对于时间（dPACO2、dPAO2，托/秒）随着二氧化碳排出量（VCO2，升/分钟，标准温度和压力）和氧摄入量（VO2，升/分钟，标准温度和压力）的增加而增加，但随着潮气量（VT，升，体温、环境压力、饱和水蒸气）的增加而降低：dPACO2 = 2.7 + 4.6（VCO2） - 1.9（VT）（r = 0.97）；dPAO2 = 2.3 + 5.5（VO2） - 1.9（VT）（r = 0.96）。根据肺泡斜率、潮气量和气道死腔体积，计算平均呼出肺泡氧分压和二氧化碳分压（PAO2、PACO2）。在休息（38.9±0.66托）和剧烈运动（38.2±2.18托）之间，动脉化毛细血管二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）没有变化，但在剧烈运动期间，平均PACO2从36.7±0.55升至40.8±1.67托。动脉化毛细血管（平均 = 84.3±0.7托）或肺泡（平均 = 107.2±1.03托）氧分压没有变化。运动增加了肺泡气体成分的波动，导致平均肺泡气体和动脉血中二氧化碳分压之间的差异，其程度取决于VCO2和VT。
