Abramson C
Clin Dermatol. 1983 Jul-Sep;1(1):14-24. doi: 10.1016/0738-081x(83)90037-8.
An enzymatically active pigment-producing clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to produce a diffusible antifungal product that was shown to be inhibitory to the growth of several dermatophytes, specifically, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum, and Microsporum audouini. In this study, Trichophyton rubrum was used as the test organism. The antifungal product was partially purified by Sephadex column chromatography and was found to be stable at 5 degrees, 25 degrees, and 37 degrees C. Several investigators have alluded to the fact that as asymptomatic cases of dermatophytosis simplex progress to symptomatic dermatophytosis complex, the bacterial profile changes from a gram-positive bacterial ecosystem to a gram-negative bacterial over-growth. The primary event in the pathogenesis of interdigital athlete's foot is the invasion of the horny layer by dermatophytes. This presents as a mild to moderate scaly lesion and is asymptomatic. As a result of predisposing factors, such as hyperhidrosis, occlusion by tight shoes, minute abrasions due to friction, and fungal-infected skin surfaces, dynamic overgrowth of opportunistic gram-negative bacilli prevails. As the gram-negative population increases, the recovery of dermatophytes dramatically diminishes, until a point is reached when no dermatophytes can be recovered from clinically symptomatic tinea pedis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is inhibiting its fungal competitor Trichophyton rubrum by producing a diffusible antifungal agent into the infectious environment of the intertriginous foot lesion. Clinically, the patient is diagnosed as having tinea pedis; laboratory culture for fungus and KOH are negative, and what was a paradox just a few years ago can currently be identified and treated appropriately as gram-negative athlete's foot.
一株具有酶活性且能产生色素的铜绿假单胞菌临床分离株被发现能产生一种可扩散的抗真菌产物,该产物对几种皮肤癣菌的生长具有抑制作用,具体来说,对红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌和奥杜盎小孢子菌有抑制作用。在本研究中,红色毛癣菌被用作测试菌株。该抗真菌产物通过葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱法进行了部分纯化,并且发现在5℃、25℃和37℃下均稳定。几位研究者提到,随着单纯皮肤癣菌病的无症状病例发展为有症状的复杂性皮肤癣菌病,细菌谱从革兰氏阳性菌生态系统转变为革兰氏阴性菌过度生长。指间足癣发病机制的首要事件是皮肤癣菌侵入角质层。这表现为轻度至中度的鳞屑性病变,且无症状。由于多汗症、紧鞋造成的闭塞、摩擦引起的微小擦伤以及真菌感染的皮肤表面等诱发因素,机会性革兰氏阴性杆菌动态过度生长占主导。随着革兰氏阴性菌数量增加,皮肤癣菌的恢复显著减少,直到达到一个临界点,此时从有临床症状的足癣中无法分离出皮肤癣菌。铜绿假单胞菌通过向趾间足部病变的感染环境中分泌一种可扩散的抗真菌剂来抑制其真菌竞争者红色毛癣菌。临床上,患者被诊断为足癣;真菌实验室培养和氢氧化钾检查均为阴性,而就在几年前还是一个悖论的情况,目前可以被识别并作为革兰氏阴性菌足癣进行适当治疗。