Coté J J, Schaefer E G
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1981 Dec;7(6):1340-8. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.7.6.1340.
Groups of Grad 1, high school students, and elderly subjects were tested for their ability to discriminate tactile forms. The performance of control subjects who received no prior training was compared with that of subjects who received prior visual training under normal viewing conditions (Vw), or prior visual training with special goggles restricting form perception to a series of part impressions (Vp). Both the visual and tactile versions of the task involved comparisons of standard figures matched either with themselves or with transformation figures. There was no evidence of transfer for the children, regardless of previous experience. Specific as well as nonspecific cross-modal transfer was found in the high school and elderly groups following Vp training. Positive transfer was also found for the high school students in the Vw condition, although there is some question whether this was the result solely of cross-modal effects. Whereas all age groups performed equally well on standard versus transformation comparisons, standard versus standard matches were highest in the high school students, lowest in the children, and intermediate in the elderly. The generally poor performance of the children and the inability on the part of the elderly to benefit from Vw training are discussed in terms of task difficulty and inefficient perceptual processing strategies.
对一年级学生、高中生和老年受试者群体进行了辨别触觉形状的能力测试。将未接受过先前训练的对照组受试者的表现，与在正常视觉条件下（Vw）接受过先前视觉训练的受试者，或佩戴特殊护目镜、将形状感知限制为一系列部分印象的情况下接受过先前视觉训练的受试者（Vp）的表现进行了比较。该任务的视觉和触觉版本都涉及标准图形与自身或变换图形的匹配比较。无论之前的经验如何，儿童均未表现出迁移的迹象。在Vp训练后，高中生和老年群体中发现了特定和非特定的跨模态迁移。在Vw条件下，高中生也发现了正向迁移，尽管对于这是否完全是跨模态效应的结果存在一些疑问。虽然所有年龄组在标准与变换比较中的表现同样出色，但标准与标准匹配在高中生中最高，在儿童中最低，在老年人中处于中间水平。从任务难度和低效的感知处理策略方面讨论了儿童普遍较差的表现以及老年人无法从Vw训练中受益的情况。
